1662 - Partus sequitur ventrem
Partus sequitur ventrem (Latin for "that which is brought forth follows the womb", often abbreviated to partus, was a legal doctrine concerning the slave or free status of children born in the English royal colonies. Incorporated into legislation in the British American colonies and later in the United States, partus held that the social status of a child followed that of his or her mother. Thus, any child born to an enslaved woman was born into slavery, regardless of the ancestry or citizenship of the father. This principle was widely adopted into the laws regarding slavery in the colonies and the following United States, eliminating financial responsibility of fathers for children born into slavery.
Full Resource: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partus_sequitur_ventrem